The human body is the most complex system ever created. The more we learn about it, the more we can appreciate what a rich system it is. Over the years, our bodies serve us well. Our muscles allow us to walk, run, dance, hold each other, and all the other things we do that each make a thread in the rich tapestry that is our lives. But as we age, we will inevitably lose some of our strength and balance, and this unfortunately increases our risk of suffering from a fall. In fact, one in four older adults have reported falling at one point or another, which adds up to nearly 36 million falls per year. 8 million of those falls will require medical attention due to injury, and fully half of all seniors who fall will experience another fall in the future.
Fortunately, there are a number of things that can be done both in-home and personally to increase a senior’s safety and decrease the likelihood of experiencing a fall.
Indoor falls can be prevented in a number of ways. First, start by clearing any clutter. Make sure the floor is free of any walking obstacles, such as electrical cords, loose carpeting, furniture, knick-knacks, and any other items that may obstruct your parth and cause you to trip and fall. If you use a cane or walker or other mobility device, make sure the pathways in your home are wide enough to accommodate the use of said device.
Be sure that your living, bathing, and sleeping areas all have adequate lighting that properly illuminates the whole room, with switches that are easily accessible. Night lights that illuminate the path from the bedroom to the bathroom are also an excellent idea. The bathroom is also a particular hotspot for falls, due to the presence of water and surfaces like tile or glass that easily become slick and slippery. Securely install grab bars in the bathroom, and place non-slip mats inside and outside of the tub and/or shower.
The risk of falls can also be decreased by focusing on increasing physical fitness. Mobility is one of the most important things you can do for staying strong and preventing falls. Walk as frequently as you can, and use weights to build muscles through resistance exercises. Discussing exercise options with your doctor or a physical therapist who specializes in elder care is a good first step.
Many falls are caused by the dizziness that happens when people sit up or stand too quickly. To help with your balance, make sure to sit up or stand up slowly, bracing yourself against something secure as you stand to allow yourself to be supported as the dizziness subsides. You may also be taking medications that can cause dizziness, in which case ask your doctor or pharmacist to review your medications.
Preparation can help to prevent falls, or manage safely in the aftermath of one. Discuss with your loved ones that they may need to be extra patient when out and about with you for your safety, and consider keeping a phone on your person at all times, or a wearable device that can call for help at the press of a button.